【易錯點睛】

在現(xiàn)在完成時的考查中，以現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的辨析較為常見。兩者有如下區(qū)別。

1.兩者都表示在過去發(fā)生的動作。但現(xiàn)在完成時側重過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響。而一般過去時側重于表過去的動作，與現(xiàn)在無關。如：

YesterdayI went to the zoo.昨天我去了動物園。(僅說明昨天去了動物園，與現(xiàn)在無關)

LiLei has read the book.李磊已看過那本書。(說明李磊了解那本書的內(nèi)容)

2.連用的時間狀語不同：與現(xiàn)在完成時連用的時間狀語有already,yet, still, just, so far, in the last/past…, before, ever, never,since或for引出的時間等。而一般過去時則常與ago,yesterday, last…, in 2000, just now等連用。

Haveyou ever picked flowers or steeped on the grass in a park?你們曾在公園里摘過花或踩過草地嗎?

Fatherbought that watch ten years ago.爸爸十年前買了那塊手表。

Ihave never seen the film before.我以前從沒看過這部影片。

一招致勝

【易錯考點回顧】

1.—______ you ______ your homework yet?

—Yes.I ______ it a moment ago.

A.Did; do; finished B. Have; done; finished

C.Have; done; have finished D. Will; do; finish

【錯因分析】題干中有個yet，這是現(xiàn)在完成時常用的副詞，如果考生忽視了這一點，就容易錯選，而答語中有個amoment ago，這是一般過去時的常用時間狀語，所以在做時態(tài)題的時候，需把握住題干中的時間狀語，否則容易錯選。

【思路點撥】把握住現(xiàn)在完成時的使用特點，抓住題干中的關鍵詞和時間狀語即可快速的判斷出正確答案。

【正確答案】正確答案為B。句意：——你做完作業(yè)了嗎?——是的。我剛才做完的。根據(jù)問句中的yet可知應該用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，根據(jù)答語中時間狀語amoment ago可知應該用一般過去時。故選B。

【中考鏈接】

1.(2017北京中考)Lilyis my classmate. We _____ each other since she came to our school.

A.know B. knew C. have known D. will know

】

【答案C

解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。since引導時間狀語從句時，從句用一般過去時，主句應用現(xiàn)在完成時。故選C。

2.(2018青島)—It’stime to work now.

—OK,I’ll wake Carl up. He ______ for an hour.

A.has fallen asleep B. has been asleep C. fell asleep D.falls asleep

】

【答案B

解析：根據(jù)foran hour可知，這是一個表示一段時間的時間狀語，通常用于現(xiàn)在完成時中，并且動詞應用延續(xù)性動詞，而fallasleep是瞬時性動詞，在完成時中應變成持續(xù)性的狀態(tài)，故選B。

3.(2017常德)I______ Anna since three years ago.

A.knew B. know C. have known

答案：C

解析：根據(jù)句中的時間狀語sincethree years ago可知要用現(xiàn)在完成時，其結構是have/has+過去分詞，故選C。

【闖關提分訓練】現(xiàn)在完成時與其它時態(tài)的辨析

1.—______you ______ the dog? It’s very hungry now.

—Oh,I forgot.

A.Did; feed B. Have; fed C. Do; feed D. Will;feed

2.Leave the book here, please. I _____ it yet. I’ll go on reading ittonight.

A.finish B. haven’t finished C. will finish D.finished

3.We ______ up, so we should help parents do some housework.

A.grow B. grew C. will grow D. have grown

4.—Tom, ____ you ever ____ that new film?

—Yes.I ____ it a week ago.

A.have; seen; saw B. have; seen; see

C.do; see; see D. had; seen; saw

5.—Tom! I ______ you 40 times that I'll beat you if you don't leavethat apple jam alone.

—Sorry,Aunt!

A.tell B. told C. have told D. am telling

6.—Over 100 countries and organizations ______ warm support to theBelt and Road Initiative(倡議)since2013.

—Wonderful!Our circle friends is growing bigger.

A.give B. have given C. gave D. will give

7.—I think our teacher, Mrs. Allen, knows everything.

—1agree. Because she ______ over 2,000 books.

A.read B. has read C. reads D. is reading

8.The family ______ there since they moved to China in the 2000s.

A.lived B. will live C. live D. have lived

9.—I hear you're crazy about Roger Federer.

—Exactly.He is one of the greatest tennis players in the world and ______ 18grand slams(大滿貫)alltogether.

A.achieves B. achieved C. has achieved D. will achieve

10.—Is that a new coat?

—No,I ______ it for a long time.

A.bought B. have bought C. have had

11.It's nice to see you again. We ______ each other since 2014.

A.won't see B. don't see C. haven't seen D. didn't see

12.My mother ______ a good example for me since I was young.

A.was B. has been C. will be D. is

13.It seems that EI Nino ______ some disasters in the world in the pastfew months.

A.has caused B. is causing C. will cause D. caused

14.This museum ______ here for over 80 years. It ______ one of theoldest buildings in this city.

A.is; was B. had been; is C. was; has been D. has been; is

15.The water ______ dark and dirty. It's no longer safe to drink.

A.became B. has become C. will become D. was becoming

16.—Jenny, when did you move here?

—I______ here for three years.

A.lived B. moved C. have moved D. have lived

17.Rick ______ a lot about Chinese culture since he came to China.

A.has learned B. will learn C. learns D. learned

18.—What's the new book about? Can you tell me?

—Sorry,I ______ it so I can't tell you anything about it.

A.don't read B. didn't read C. haven't read D. won't read

19.—Do you still play basketball?

—Oh,no. I ______ it for the past two years.

A.haven't played B. didn't play C. won't play D. hadn't played

20.Steven came to China ten months ago and he ______ as an engineersince then.

A.had worked B. is working C. worked D. has worked

參考答案：

1.B 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. D 9. C 10.C

11.C 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. B 16. D 17. A 18. C 19. A 20.D

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