來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2023-02-18 20:03:14
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式
1)帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。其形式為:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過去分詞。
例The baby should be taken goodcare of by the baby-sitter.
2) 有些動(dòng)詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語,在用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),可以把主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,另一賓語仍然保留在謂語后面。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語。
例His mother gave him a presentfor his birthday. 可改為 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.
3) 當(dāng)“動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),將賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語,其余不動(dòng)。
例Someone caught the boy smokinga cigarette. 可改為The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
4)在使役動(dòng)詞have, make, get以及感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel,observe等后面不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語時(shí),在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略,但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),要加to。
例Someone saw a stranger walkinto the building. 可改為A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
5) 有些相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞詞組,如“動(dòng)詞+介詞”,“動(dòng)詞+副詞”等,也可以用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),但要把它們看作一個(gè)整體,不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。
例The meeting is to be put offtill Friday.
3. 非謂語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)
v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被動(dòng)語態(tài)(一般時(shí)態(tài)和完成時(shí)態(tài)) 。
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