來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2022-10-17 13:05:03
常用連詞的用法辨析
(1)while, when, as
這三個連詞都可引導時間狀語從句,但用法有所不同。
1) 當某事正在進行的時候,又發(fā)生了另一件事。While, when, as 都可用來引導表示“背景”的時間狀語從句。例如:
As/When/While I was walking down the street I noticed a police car.我沿著街道走時,注意到一輛警車。
2) 當兩個長動作同時進行的時候,最常用的是while。例如:
While mother was cooking lunch, I was doing my homework.當母親做午飯時,我正在做作業(yè)。
3) 當兩個動作都表示發(fā)展變化的情況時,最常用的是as。例如:
As children get older, they become more and more interested in things around them.隨著孩子的長大,他們越來越多對周圍的事情感興趣。
4) 當兩個短動作同時發(fā)生時,或表示“一邊…一邊…”時,最常用as。例如:
She looked behind from time to time as she went.她邊走邊不時地朝后面看。
5) 當從句的動作先于主句的動作時,通常用when。例如:
When he finished his work, he took a short rest.當他完成工作后,他進行了短暫的休息。
6) 當從句是瞬間動作,主句是延續(xù)性動作時,通常用when。例如:
When John arrived I was cooking lunch.當約翰到達時,我正在做飯。
(2)as, because, since , for
這四個詞都可表原因,但用法有區(qū)別。
1) 如果原因構(gòu)成句子的最主要部分,一般用because。因此,because引導的從句往往放在句末。例如:
I stayed at home because it rained.因為下雨,所以我呆在家里。---Why aren’t you going? 為什么你不走?---Because I don’t want to.因為我不想去。
2) 如果原因已被人們所知,或不如句子的其它部分重要,就用as或since。Since比as稍微正式一點。As和since 引導的從句一般放在句子的開頭。例如:
As he wasn’t ready, we left without him.由于他沒有準備,我們沒有帶他。Since I have no money, I can’t buy any food.既然我沒有錢,我不能賣任何食物。
3) for用來補充說明一種理由,因此,for引導的從句幾乎可以放在括號里。For引導的句子不放在句子的開頭。例如:
I decided to stop and have lunch----for I was feeling quite hungry.我決定停下來,吃午飯。因我感覺很餓。
(3)if, whether
if和whether都可作“是否”講,在引導賓與從句是一般可互換。例如:
I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school.我想知道你是否還在那所學校學習。I don’t know whether (if) he likes that film.我不知道他是否喜歡這部電影。
在下列情況下,只能用whether,不能用if:
1) 引導主語從句時。例如:
Whether he will come to the party is unknown. 他是否來參加聚會還不知道。
2) 引導表語從句時。例如:The question is whether I can pass the exam.問題是我能否通過考試。
3) 在不定式前。例如:I haven’t made up my mind whether to go there or not.我還沒有決定是否去哪兒。
(4)so…that, such...that
1) so…that中的so是個副詞,其后只能跟形容詞或副詞,而such...that中的such是個形容詞,后接名詞或名詞短語。例如:
I’m so tired that I can’t walk any farther.我很累,因此不想再走了。It was such a hot day that he went swimming.如此熱的天氣,以至于他去游泳。
2) 如果在名詞之前有many, much, little, few時,用so,不用such。例如:
He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.他受到得教育很少以致于他找不到工作。
(5)either…or…, neither…nor, not only…but also…
這三個連詞詞組都可連接兩個并列成分。當它們連接兩個并列主語時,謂語動詞要隨相鄰的主語變化。例如:
Either you or he is wrong.Neither he nor his children like fish.不但他不喜歡而且他的孩子也不喜歡魚。
Not only the teacher but also the students want to buy the book.不但老師而且學生想買這本書。
(6)although, but
這兩個連詞不能用在同一個句子中。例如:我們不能說“Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.”這個句子應改為:Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.或He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.盡管他已是六十多歲,但他和其他工作一樣努力。
(7)because, so
這兩個連詞同樣不能用在同一個句子中。例如:我們不能說“Because Johnwas ill, so I took him to the doctor.” 這個句子應改為Because John was ill, I took him to the doctor.或John was ill, so I took him to the doctor. 因為約翰病了,所以我?guī)瘁t(yī)生。
(8)till/until與not…till/until的區(qū)別
前者表示一個延續(xù)性的動作,后者表示一個才開始的動作。如:
I will stay here and watch the baby until you return.我會呆在這里看著娃娃直到你回來 (stay這個動作一直進行到你return)
They won’t go on working until they get what they think is reasonable.他們要到獲得了他們認為合理的東西時才會繼續(xù)干下去的
另外till與until基本可以互換,但是在句首時只能用until,不能用till. 如:
Until the last minute of the match we kept playing.我們堅持到比賽的最后一分鐘
Not until he had finished his work did he go home.直到做完工作他才回家(倒裝句)
(9)though與although的區(qū)別
兩個詞都表示“雖然”,均不可以與but同時使用,但在句中可加still或yet連用。although“盡管、雖然”僅作連詞,比較正式,一般可以換為though;though“雖然、盡管、即使”,還可以與even連用(=even if),表示“即使、縱然”,作副詞時意思是“然而、不過”,不能放在句首。如:
He passed the exams although illness prevented him from going to classes.盡管疾病使他無法上課但是他還是通過了考試
she won’t leave the TV set, even though her husband is waiting for her for the supper.她不愿離開電視機雖然丈夫在等她吃飯
It was a quiet party. I had a good time, though.這是個不熱鬧的聚會盡管如此我還是玩得很開心
(10)prefer to…rather than…與prefer…to…的區(qū)別
prefer to…rather than…后面都是用動詞原形,prefer…to…都是用動名詞或名詞。如:
I prefer English to Japanese.與日語相比我更喜歡英語
I prefer to learn English rather than learn Japanese. 與日語相比我更喜歡學英語
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