被動(dòng)語態(tài)的運(yùn)用

什么情況下要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)呢?一般地說，有下面幾種情況：

(1) 不知道誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或沒有必要。例如：

Paper is made from wood. (紙是由木材生產(chǎn)出來的。)

The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. (這座房子太舊了。它是1950年建成的。)

He was wounded in the fight. (他在戰(zhàn)斗在受傷了。)

Electricity is used to run machines. (電是用來開動(dòng)機(jī)器的。)

(2) 需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的對(duì)象時(shí)。例如：

Calculator can t be used in the maths exam.

(計(jì)算器不能用于數(shù)學(xué)考試。)

Books and newspapers in the reading room mustnt be taken away. (閱覽室的書籍和報(bào)紙不準(zhǔn)帶走。)

He was awarded first prize in that contest.

(他在比賽中獲得了第一。)

(3)為了使語氣婉轉(zhuǎn)，避免提到是誰做的這件事。例如：

The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. (新實(shí)驗(yàn)室必須在下個(gè)月底前完工。)

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