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2019 There be結(jié)構(gòu)

1. There be句型主要用以表達(dá)“某處有某人(某物)，強(qiáng)調(diào)存在”其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“There be+某物(某人)+某地”，有時為了強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)，也可把地點(diǎn)狀語放在句首。

There is a book on the desk.

On the desk there is a book.

(1)肯定句：“There be+主語(某人/某物)+介詞短語”

There are three people in my family. 我家有三口人。

There is a pen and two books on the desk. 書桌上有一支鋼筆和兩本書。

(2)否定式：“There be +not+主語+介詞短語”

There isn’t a boy in the room.房間里沒有一個男孩。

There aren’t any books on the desk.書桌上沒有書。

注意：“There be句型”的否定式的構(gòu)成和含有be動詞的其他句型一樣，在be后加not或no即可。

注意not和no的不同：not是副詞，no為形容詞，所以not a/an/any+n，相當(dāng)于no+n。

There aren’t any pictures on the wall.

=There are no pictures on the wall.

There isn’t a bike behind the tree.

=There is no bike behind the tree.

(3)疑問式：Be there+主語+介詞短語?”

肯定回答是：“Yes, there be.”否定回答是：“No, there+be與not的縮寫形式”。

—Is there a lamp in your bedroom?在你的臥室里有臺燈嗎?

—Yes, there is.是的，有。

—Are there any clock in the living room?客廳里有鐘嗎?

—No, there aren’t.不，沒有。

(4)特殊疑問句：一般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)

How many+ 名詞+are/were there+介詞短語?

There’re many children in the park.

How many children are there in the park?

How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is/was there+介詞短語?

There was little rain around the year.

How much rain was there around the year?

2. have表示“某人擁有某人或某物，強(qiáng)調(diào)擁有和所屬關(guān)系”。

The man has two cars.

3. There be句型中的就近原則，即be和距其最近的主語保持一致。

There are some pens and a book on the floor. =There is a book and some pears on the floor.

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