來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 作者:中考網(wǎng)整理 2019-04-20 15:48:29
一.常用計(jì)算公式:
(2)設(shè)某化合物化學(xué)式為AmBn
①它的相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量=A的相對(duì)原子質(zhì)量×m+B的相對(duì)原子質(zhì)量×n
②A元素與B元素的質(zhì)量比=A的相對(duì)原子質(zhì)量×m:B的相對(duì)原子質(zhì)量×n
③A元素的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)ω=A的相對(duì)原子質(zhì)量×m/AmBn的相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量
(3)混合物中含某物質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)(純度)=純物質(zhì)的質(zhì)量/混合物的總質(zhì)量×100%
(4)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀況下氣體密度(g/L)=氣體質(zhì)量(g)/氣體體積(L)
(5)純度=純物質(zhì)的質(zhì)量/混合物的總質(zhì)量×100%=純物質(zhì)的質(zhì)量/(純物質(zhì)的質(zhì)量+雜質(zhì)的質(zhì)量)×100%=
1-雜質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)
(6)溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)=溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量/溶液質(zhì)量×100%=溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量/(溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量+溶劑質(zhì)量)×100%
(7)溶液的稀釋與濃縮
M濃×a%濃=M稀×b%稀=(M濃+增加的溶劑質(zhì)量)×b%稀
(8)相對(duì)溶質(zhì)不同質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的兩種溶液混合
M濃×a%濃+M稀×b%稀=(M濃+M稀)×c%
(9)溶液中溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量=溶液的質(zhì)量×溶液中溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)=溶液的體積×溶液的密度
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